Umbilical systems provide power and control (electricity, hydraulic power, chemical injection) to subsea oil and gas equipment. Electrical cables and hydraulic tubes are arranged in helical bundles and placed in successive layers depending on the design. Installations into increasingly deeper water place greater demands upon the structural components in terms of strength. 3D finite element analysis is an applicable technique in which to assess the strain and stress distribution and the interactions between components in such complex structures. The true geometry is respected and most of the simplifications of usual approaches can be relieved.
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